/*  ContrastMgr.cc

    Mark Woolrich and Matthew Webster, FMRIB Image Analysis Group

    Copyright (C) 1999-2008 University of Oxford  */

/*  Part of FSL - FMRIB's Software Library
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    fsl@fmrib.ox.ac.uk
    
    Developed at FMRIB (Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance
    Imaging of the Brain), Department of Clinical Neurology, Oxford
    University, Oxford, UK
    
    
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#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include "ContrastMgr.h"
#include "ContrastMgrOptions.h"
#include "newimage/newimageall.h"
#include "utils/log.h"
#include "gaussComparer.h"
#include "miscmaths/t2z.h"
#include "miscmaths/f2z.h"
#include "paradigm.h"
#include "utils/tracer_plus.h"

using namespace NEWIMAGE;
using namespace Utilities;
using namespace MISCMATHS;
using namespace std;

namespace FILM {

  ContrastMgr::ContrastMgr() :    
    tc(),
    fc(),
    c_counter(0),
    numParams(0),
    num_Ccontrasts_in_Fcontrast(0),
    contrast_valid(false),
    contrast_num(0),
    parad(),
    corrections(),
    b(),
    dof(),
    sigmaSquareds(),
    varcb(),
    cb(),
    neff(),
    numTS(0)
  {}

  void ContrastMgr::SetFContrast(const int p_num, const int p_c_counter)
  {
    fc.ReSize(parad.getTContrasts().Nrows(),numParams);
    int count = 0;

    for(int c = 1; c <= parad.getTContrasts().Nrows(); c++)
      {	
	if(parad.getFContrasts()(p_num,c) == 1)
	  {	    
	    count++;
	    fc.Row(count) = parad.getTContrasts().Row(c);	
	  }
      }

    fc = fc.Rows(1,count);
    contrast_num = p_num;
    contrast_valid = true;

    num_Ccontrasts_in_Fcontrast = fc.Nrows();

    c_counter = p_c_counter;
  }

  void ContrastMgr::run()
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::run");
    Load();

    // Loop through tcontrasts:
    for(int c = 1; c <= parad.getTContrasts().Nrows(); c++)
      {
	if(ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().verbose)
	  {
	    cerr << "T contrast no. " << c << endl;
	    cerr << parad.getTContrasts().Row(c) << endl;
	  }

	SetTContrast(c, c+ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().copenumber-1);
	ComputeNeff();    
	ComputeCope();
	ComputeVarCope();
	ComputeZStat();
	
	SaveTContrast(ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().suffix);
      }

    // Loop through fcontrasts:
    for(int c = 1; c <= parad.getFContrasts().Nrows(); c++)
      {
	SetFContrast(c, c+ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().copenumber-1);

	if(ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().verbose)
	  {
	    cerr << "F contrast no." << c << endl;
	    cerr << parad.getFContrasts().Row(c) << endl;
	    cerr << fc << endl;
	  }

	ComputeFStat();
	
	if(contrast_valid)
	  SaveFContrast(ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().suffix);

      }
  }

  void ContrastMgr::Load()
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::Load");
    // Need to read in b, sigmaSquareds, corrections and dof 
    Log& logger = LogSingleton::getInstance();
    // Load contrasts:     
    parad.load("", ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().contrastfname, ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().fcontrastfname, false, 0);
       
    numParams = parad.getTContrasts().Ncols(); 
    if(ContrastMgrOptions::getInstance().verbose)
      {
	cerr << "T Contrasts:" << endl << parad.getTContrasts();
	cerr << "F Contrasts:" << endl << parad.getFContrasts();
      }
    volume4D<float> input_data;
    read_volume4D(input_data,logger.getDir() + "/sigmasquareds");

    mask=input_data[0];
    mask.binarise(0.0,mask.max()+1,exclusive);
    sigmaSquareds=input_data.matrix(mask).AsColumn();
    numTS = sigmaSquareds.Nrows();    
    // b:
    ColumnVector peVol;
    b.ReSize(numTS, numParams);
    for(int i = 1; i <= numParams; i++)
      { 
	// Add param number to "pe" to create filename:
	ostringstream osc;
	osc << i;
	read_volume4D(input_data,logger.getDir() + "/pe" + osc.str().c_str());
	peVol=input_data.matrix(mask).AsColumn();
	b.Column(i) = peVol; 
      }

    // dof: - maybe single value ASCII or avw file:
    ifstream in;
    in.open(string(logger.getDir() + "/dof").c_str(), ios::in);    
    if(!in) //avw format
      {
	read_volume4D(input_data,logger.getDir() + "/dof");
	dof=input_data.matrix(mask).AsColumn();
      }
    else
      {
	// single value ascii format
	in.close();
	ColumnVector dofVec = MISCMATHS::read_ascii_matrix(logger.getDir() + "/dof");
	dof = sigmaSquareds;
	dof = dofVec(1);
      }      

    // corrections - maybe ASCII (old version) or avw file:    
    // corrections are the correlation matrix of the pes.
    in.open(string(logger.getDir() + "/corrections").c_str(), ios::in);    
    if(!in)
      {
	// avw format
	is_avw_corrections = true;
	read_volume4D(input_data,logger.getDir() + "/corrections");
	corrections=input_data.matrix(mask);
      }
    else
      {
	// old ascii format
	in.close();      
	is_avw_corrections = false;
	corrections.ReSize(numTS,numParams*numParams);
	corrections=read_vest(logger.getDir() + "/corrections");
	corrections = corrections.t();
      }
  }

  void ContrastMgr::SaveFContrast(const string& suffix)
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::SaveFContrast");
    Log& logger = LogSingleton::getInstance();

    // prepare contrast number:
    ostringstream osc;
    osc << suffix << c_counter;
    volume4D<float> output;
    output.setmatrix(fstat.AsRow(),mask);
    output.setDisplayMaximumMinimum(output.max(),output.min());
    output.set_intent(NIFTI_INTENT_FTEST,0,0,0);
    save_volume4D(output,logger.getDir() + "/fstat" + osc.str().c_str());
    output.setmatrix(zstat.AsRow(),mask);
    output.setDisplayMaximumMinimum(output.max(),output.min());
    output.set_intent(NIFTI_INTENT_ZSCORE,0,0,0);
    save_volume4D(output,logger.getDir() + "/zfstat" + osc.str().c_str());
  }

  void ContrastMgr::SaveTContrast(const string& suffix)
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::SaveTContrast");
    Log& logger = LogSingleton::getInstance();
    // prepare contrast number:
    ostringstream osc;
    osc << suffix << c_counter;
    volume4D<float> output;
    output.setmatrix(neff.AsRow(),mask);
    output.setDisplayMaximumMinimum(output.max(),output.min());
    output.set_intent(NIFTI_INTENT_NONE,0,0,0);
    save_volume4D(output,logger.getDir() + "/neff" + osc.str().c_str());
    output.setmatrix(cb.AsRow(),mask);
    output.setDisplayMaximumMinimum(output.max(),output.min());
    output.set_intent(NIFTI_INTENT_ESTIMATE,0,0,0);
    save_volume4D(output,logger.getDir() + "/cope" + osc.str().c_str());
    output.setmatrix(varcb.AsRow(),mask);
    output.setDisplayMaximumMinimum(output.max(),output.min());
    output.set_intent(NIFTI_INTENT_ESTIMATE,0,0,0);
    save_volume4D(output,logger.getDir() + "/varcope" + osc.str().c_str());
    output.setmatrix(tstat.AsRow(),mask);
    output.setDisplayMaximumMinimum(output.max(),output.min());
    output.set_intent(NIFTI_INTENT_TTEST,0,0,0);
    save_volume4D(output,logger.getDir() + "/tstat" + osc.str().c_str());
    output.setmatrix(zstat.AsRow(),mask);
    output.setDisplayMaximumMinimum(output.max(),output.min());
    output.set_intent(NIFTI_INTENT_ZSCORE,0,0,0);
    save_volume4D(output,logger.getDir() + "/zstat" + osc.str().c_str());
  }


  void ContrastMgr::GetCorrection(Matrix& corr, const int ind)
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::GetCorrection");

    // puts ColumnVector of length p*p from correction
    // into Matrix corr which is p*p:
    corr.ReSize(numParams, numParams);
    for (int i = 1; i <= numParams; i++)
      {
	for (int j = 1; j <= numParams; j++)
	  {
	    corr(i,j) = corrections((i-1)*numParams + j, ind); 
	  }
      }
  }

  void ContrastMgr::ComputeZStat()
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::ComputeZStat");

    Log& logger = LogSingleton::getInstance();

    // calulate Zstat:
    tstat.ReSize(numTS);
    for(int i = 1; i <= numTS; i++)
      {
	if(varcb(i) > 0 && neff(i) > 0)
	  {
	    tstat(i) = cb(i)/sqrt(varcb(i));
	  }
	else
	  tstat(i) = 0.0;
      }
      
    // Calculate tstat:
    zstat.ReSize(numTS);
    T2z::ComputeZStats(varcb, cb, dof, zstat);

    // Compare with theory:
    GaussComparer gaussComp(zstat);
    gaussComp.setup();

    ColumnVector ratios(5);
    ColumnVector probs(5);
    int co = 1;
    for(float p = 0.05; p >= 0.0005; p=p/sqrt(10))
      {
	float temp = gaussComp.computeRatio(p, logger.str());
	logger.str() << "p = " << p << ": ratio = " << temp << endl;
	ratios(co) = temp;
	probs(co) = p;
	co++;
      }
      
    write_ascii_matrix(logger.appendDir("ratios"), ratios);
    write_ascii_matrix(logger.appendDir("probs"), probs);
      
  }

  void ContrastMgr::ComputeCope()
  { 
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::ComputeCope");
    cb.ReSize(numTS);

    for(int i = 1; i <= numTS; i++)
      {	
	cb(i) = (tc.t()*b.Row(i).t()).AsScalar();
      }
  }

  void ContrastMgr::ComputeNeff()
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::ComputeNeff");
   
    //Log& logger = LogSingleton::getInstance();
    Matrix corr;
      
    neff.ReSize(numTS);
    neff = 0;

    int numNegs = 0;
    int maxNeff = 0;

    for(int i = 1; i <= numTS; i++)
      {	
	GetCorrection(corr, i);

	neff(i) = 1/(tc.t()*corr*tc).AsScalar();

	if(maxNeff < neff(i))
	  maxNeff = (int)neff(i);
	  
	if(neff(i) < 0.0 && i > 1)
	  {
	    neff(i) = neff(i-1);
	    numNegs++;
	  }  
      }
  }

  void ContrastMgr::ComputeFStat()
  {
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::ComputeFStat");
 
    //Log& logger = LogSingleton::getInstance();
    Matrix corr;

    fstat.ReSize(numTS);
    fstat = 1;

    for(int i = 1; i <= numTS; i++)
      {
	GetCorrection(corr, i);

	try
	  {	    	    
	    fstat(i) = (b.Row(i)*fc.t()*(fc*corr*fc.t()*sigmaSquareds(i)).i()*fc*b.Row(i).t()).AsScalar()/num_Ccontrasts_in_Fcontrast;
	  }
	catch(SingularException& ex)
	  {	    
	    cerr << ex.what() << endl;
	    cerr << "F contrast no. " << contrast_num << " produces singular variance matrix." << endl; 
	    cerr << "No results will be produced for this contrast"  << endl;
	    contrast_valid = false;
	    break;	    
	  }
      }
   
    // Calculate zstat:
    zstat.ReSize(numTS);
    F2z::ComputeFStats(fstat, num_Ccontrasts_in_Fcontrast, dof, zstat);
  }

  void ContrastMgr::ComputeVarCope()
  { 
    Tracer_Plus ts("ContrastMgr::ComputeVarCope");
    varcb.ReSize(numTS);

    for(int i = 1; i <= numTS; i++)
      {
	if(neff(i) > 0)
	  varcb(i) = sigmaSquareds(i)/neff(i);
	else
	  varcb(i) = 0;
      }
  }

}